Parthenogenesis uses unfertilized human eggs (oocytes) to create parthenogenetic stem cells (hpSC) that can be immune-matched to millions of people. From a relatively small number of hpSC lines, sufficient immune-matched cells could be provided to accommodate a large portion of the human population. Using unfertilized oocytes offers an ethical advantage over other types of stem cells, and the advantage of immunomatching makes parthenogenetic stem cells a highly favorable source for cell-based therapy.
In parthenogenesis, stem cells are created by chemically stimulating oocytes to begin division. The eggs are not fertilized; therefore no viable embryo is created or destroyed – avoiding the leading contention against stem cell research. Different activation techniques can be applied to human oocytes to allow either the creation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) heterozygous hpSC lines, which are HLA-matched/histocompatible with just the donor of the oocyte, or HLA homozygous hpSC, which can be histocompatible with a vast number of people. Because the cells inherit a duplicate set of HLA genes, the possibility of the derived cells being rejected by the immune system is significantly reduced, making a single cell suitable to treat millions of individuals.
By addressing this problem of immune-rejection, parthenogenesis has the potential to significantly advance the field of regenerative medicine.
For more information, visit the ISCO website at www.internationalstemcell.com
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